S/FTP: This type of cable has shielding both around each pair of wires and around the entire cable. It offers very high protection against interference (EMI/RFI) and is ideal for environments with high electromagnetic noise.
Optical Fiber: Optical fiber transmits data through light rather than electrical signals, offering much higher speeds and distances compared to metallic cables. It is resistant to electromagnetic interference.
U/UTP: U/UTP has no shielding at any point. It is widely used in local area networks (LAN) due to its low cost and ease of installation, but it is more susceptible to interference.